Ski with tri-dimensional ski surface

ABSTRACT

A ski for mounting a binding on the ski&#39;s surface approximately in the middle of the ski or slightly behind the middle, where the ski is provided with inwardly curved edge portions, the ski having greater width at the transition to the front tip than in the middle, and the ski has an upwardly curved front tip. The ski combines features from skis with a very special and characteristic three-dimensional geometry in the actual sliding surface, and a special design of the tip (possibly also in a rear tip where this is relevant), where the tip&#39;s secondary sole surfaces ( 3, 4 ) are twisted upwards relative to a central reference surface ( 1, 2 ), with the result that the ski&#39;s tip succeeds in pressing more snow under the ski when running in loose snow and slush, and the invention thereby provides a ski which both glides better in loose snow as well as retaining all the favourable dynamic properties which exist in the described three-dimensional design of the actual sliding surface on the ski.

The present invention relates to a ski, where the ski is designed tohave a binding mounted approximately in the middle of the ski, whenviewed in the ski's longitudinal direction, or slightly behind themiddle. The ski is provided with inwardly curved steel edges (edgeportions), the ski having a greater width at the transition to the tipthan under the binding. The ski has upwardly curved tips at the frontand the rear, where the tips may well be approximately of the same size,but the rear tip is often more modest, or merely a slight upward curveof the sole with a truncated end at the back, which is also referred tohere as the rear tip.

These days a ski is normally designed with a flat sole surface betweenthe front and rear tips of the ski, but skis are also known with a splitsole surface. The ski according to the present invention is based on athree-dimensional geometry of the ski's sliding surface, as is disclosedin international patent application WO 95/21662, amongst others. The skidescribed in this patent application is provided with a sole where thesliding surface in the sole is not flat, but in principle divided intothree sliding surfaces over the ski's longitudinal direction, where thisdesign has been shown to give the skis advantageous dynamic properties.In principle, these skis have an increasing angle between a centralsliding surface in the ski's sole, here called the primary sole surface,and lateral sliding surfaces arranged on each side of the primary solesurface, here called secondary sole surfaces, where the secondary solesurfaces extend along the ski's steel edges up to the transition to thetip. The geometry is characterised by an increase in the angle betweenthe different sole surfaces towards the transition to the tip, andpossibly towards the rear tip. However, all of the known versions ofskis with this geometry in the sliding surface have phased out the anglebetween the primary or central sole surface and the lateral solesurfaces from the transition to the ski's tip and forward in this tip,and the same backwards in the rear tip to the extent that the ski has asubstantial rear tip with this functionality.

Testing of new prototypes of skis has demonstrated that in loose snowand other soft, loose surfaces it is advantageous to have the tripartitesliding surface, but particularly advantageous if the angular differencebetween the different sole surfaces not only continues into the tip, butthe angle between the extension of the different sole surfaces in thetip increases substantially over a length of the tip. As indicatedabove, however, the known design of a ski with a tripartite slidingsurface will phase out the angular difference between the centralsliding surface (the primary sole surface) and the lateral slidingsurfaces or the secondary sole surfaces on each side approximately fromthe transition to the tip and further forward in the tip. If on theother hand the angle between the central sliding surface or the primarysole surface and the lateral sliding surfaces or the secondary solesurfaces on each side is increased forward in the tip, possibly doingthe same backwards in the rear tip, where this is relevant, greatbenefits were achieved in loose snow in our tests. The increase in theangle starts approximately in the transition between the flat slidingsurface of the sole and the tip, but it may also start a few cm furtherin towards the middle of the ski (i.e. in towards the bindings), orslightly further out in the tip. The increase in angle is generallyaccelerated approximately from the transition to the tip and a few cmforwards. With this type of functionality the aim is to achieve a tipwhich during turning is even better at pressing snow under the ski,thereby giving the ski better glide over a loose surface. The positiveeffect is achieved when the ski is run on its edge on a loose surface,when the tip lies several degrees flatter on the snow on a ski accordingto the present invention than for example the existing skis with atripartite sliding surface according to WO 95/21662. This means thatduring turning the tip with accelerated twisting of the tip's secondarysole surfaces presses more snow under the ski than corresponding skiswith a tripartite sole in the sliding surface and phase-out of thedifference between the sole surfaces in the tip.

When the ski glides better on the snow during turning, this makes it gofaster. This is a general effect of the present invention. However, thegreatest benefits are during freestyle skiing down difficult mountainsides. After landing from a difficult jump, the skier must have skisthat quickly come up out of the snow, while at the same time being ableto initiate a turn, since the skier often has to manoeuvre himself awayfrom dangerous obstacles right in front of him. The design of the tip incombination with the tripartite sliding surface together provide thebest maneuverability in such a situation.

There are special types of snow where accelerated twisting of thelateral sole surfaces in the tip is particularly advantageous. This isduring freestyle skiing in deep snow when a thin, non-bearing crustlayer has formed on the snow. In this situation normal skis have anunfortunate tendency to cut down into the crust, thereby causing brakingand “quivering” in the ski. By means of the new design of the skiaccording to the present invention, i.e. the new type of tip combinedwith a dynamic three-dimensional sliding surface, however, the solesurfaces will lie slightly flatter against the snow during turning,thereby providing better lift and avoiding many of the problemsexperienced by ordinary, flat skis in conditions of this kind.

DEFINITIONS

The primary sole surface 1 is the central sliding surface which forms apart of the ski's total sliding surface. When the ski (apart from thetip) is pressed completely flat against the surface so that thelongitudinal camber is not shown, this is the part of the ski whichtouches the surface. If the transition (the angle) between the primarysole surface and the secondary sole surfaces 3 is diffuse because thetransition, when viewed in cross section, is gradual via a slightrounding of the different sole surfaces, in such cases portions which incross section are located up to 0.5 mm above the ground when thelongitudinal camber is depressed are also defined as belonging to theprimary sole surface, while portions which without longitudinal camberare located more than 0.5 mm above the surface belong to the slidingsurface's secondary sole surfaces, when viewed in cross section. Herethe lines J, K, L, M in the figures mark the transition between the solesurfaces according to this definition.

The tip's primary sole surface 2 is the extension of the central slidingsurface forwards in the tip, where this sole surface here follows theupward curve in the tip, and possibly correspondingly in the rear tip.To the extent that the tip essentially consists of a left and a rightsecondary sliding surface, the “keel” between the left and rightsecondary surfaces will define the tip's primary sole surface.

The secondary sole surfaces 3 are located in the sliding surface betweenthe primary sole surface 1 and steel edges 5 arranged in the ski'slongitudinal direction. When the ski (apart from the tip) is pressedcompletely flat against the surface so that the ski's camber in thelongitudinal direction is not shown, the secondary sole surfaces 3 aretwisted substantially upwards relative to the primary sole surfacetowards the transition between the primary sole surface and thesecondary sole surfaces and the tip or tips provided in the ski, therebyensuring that the steel edges in the lateral sliding surfaces or thesecondary sole surfaces are essentially raised higher over the surfacetowards the transition to the tip.

The tip's secondary sole surfaces 4 are located between the tip's firstsole surface and the steel edges. We see a cross sectional view of theuplift of the steel edges relative to the tip's primary sole surfacefrom the transition (C, D) to the tip and a few centimeters forward, andpossibly correspondingly from the transition (W, X) to the rear tip anda few cm backwards if this is relevant.

The ski's edges are called steel edges 5 here since iron/steel is themost commonly used material for edges. In principle, however, anymaterial whatever can be used which is hard enough to give the desiredfunctionality in the lateral edge defining the sole.

The surface 6 is always shown flat and represents the ground or thesnow.

The following alphabetic designations are employed:

-   -   A. At the front of the tip    -   B. Cross section approximately in the centre of the tip    -   C. The transition between the primary sole surface 1 and the        tip's primary sole surface 2    -   D. Transition between the secondary sole surfaces 3 and the        tip's secondary sole surfaces 4    -   E. Cross section between D and F    -   F. The secondary sole surfaces 3 start here. This start does not        need to be the same on the right and left sides of the ski, but        is illustrated symmetrically here.    -   G. The ski's narrowest point        -   j. Transition line between primary sole surface 1, 2 and            secondary sole surface 3, 4 on the left side in front viewed            from below        -   k. Transition line between primary sole surface 1, 2 and            secondary sole surface 3, 4 on the left side in front        -   l. Transition line between primary sole surface 1, 2 and            secondary sole surface 3, 4 on the left side behind viewed            from below        -   m. Transition line between primary sole surface 1, 2 and            secondary sole surface 3, 4 on the right side at the rear    -   U. The secondary sole surfaces 3 start here if geometry with        split raised secondary sliding surfaces is employed on the rear        part.    -   V. Cross section between U and W    -   W. Transition between the secondary sole surfaces 3 and the        tip's secondary sole surfaces 4    -   X. The transition between the primary sole surface 1 and the        rear tip's primary sole surface 2    -   Y. Cross section approximately in the middle of the tip    -   Z. The rearmost part of the ski.

The invention consists in a ski which basically has a tripartite sole inthe sliding surface (three-dimensional geometry). Thus the ski has asubstantially flat central sliding surface, the primary sole surface 1,which is located approximately halfway between the steel edges 5, andthen there are two lateral sliding surfaces, the secondary sole surfaces3, between the primary sole surface and the steel edges 5 on each sidethereof, where these secondary sole surfaces form a substantiallyincreasing angle with the primary sole surface 1 when starting directlybelow the bindings and moving towards each of the ends and thetransitions (C) and (X). In the figures the secondary sliding surfacesstart at F, and a cautious increase can be seen in the uplift in thesteel edges from the cross section in F to E and on to D. From the crosssection in D the uplift in the steel edges increases more rapidly up tothe cross section in B. Whether the uplift increases or decreases from Band onwards is more a matter of choice or taste. From B towards A thetip is so far above the snow that it no longer is of such greatpractical importance.

The ski with the tripartite sliding surface may well be completely flatfrom steel edge to steel edge in the middle where the bindings arelocated, but at any rate over more than 10% of the ski's slidingsurface, when viewed in the longitudinal direction, the ski should beprovided with secondary sliding surfaces, and preferably over at least15%. At the transition (D) to the tip, the angle between the primarysole surface 1 and the secondary sole surfaces 3 has increased to atleast 1 degree, preferably to at least 2 degrees, and most preferred tomore than 3 degrees at the transition (D) between sliding surface andtip for the secondary sole surfaces. The uplift in the steel edge 5relative to the primary sole surface 1 depends on the relative anglebetween the primary sole surface 1 and the secondary sole surface 3 aswell as the width of the ski and the width of the secondary solesurfaces. Thus, for example, a 3 degree angle between the sole surfacesin cross section may correspond to anything from 1 mm to over 4 mmuplift in the steel edge.

The angle between the tip's secondary lateral surfaces 4 and the tip'sprimary sole surface 1 increases preferably by at least 1 degree,preferably by at least 2 degrees from D to B. Thereafter it is optionalwhether this angle is permitted to return to zero from B right up to thefront of the tip, or whether the angle is maintained or increased allthe way forward. This degree of freedom is due to the fact that theforemost part of the tip is of relatively little importance.

Particularly if the sole surfaces are slightly rounded in cross section,instead of angles between the respective sole surfaces, the uplift maybe viewed measured in mm for the steel edge 5 relative to the tip'sprimary sole surface 2, but here too the uplift varies with the width ofthe tip's secondary sole surfaces, with the result that the same anglecan give substantial differences in mm uplift where 5 degrees uplift inthe steel edge 5 in the tip can give anything from 1.5 mm to 7 mm upliftrelative to the tip's primary sole surface 2 in the tip. The uplift inthe steel edge 5 relative to the tip's primary sole surface 2 willincrease by more than 0.5 mm from the transition (D) between slidingsurface and tip until the uplift in the steel edge 5 relative to thetip's primary sole surface 2 has reached its maximum. The upliftpreferably increases by at least 1 mm, and preferably more than 1.5 mm.Thereafter it is optional whether the uplift is permitted to return tozero right up to the front of the tip, or whether the uplift ismaintained or increased all the way forward.

In the area round the transition (C, D) to the tip (and possibly (W, X)to the rear tip), therefore, an increase in the uplift in the steeledges begins to be allowed, and the uplift normally increases morerapidly outwards in the tip than it did along the ordinary slidingsurfaces 1, 3. This results in an increase in the uplift in the steeledges forwards from C to B in the tip, viewed in a section across thetip. When the tip narrows, however, this uplift will generally decline.If connected steel edges 5 are employed in the tip and they are withouta break, it is necessary for the steel edges to be continuous so thatthe uplift measured in mm reaches zero at the front of the tip.

The invention's special functionality for the tip is of great importancefor the front tip, and it is therefore most important to also employthis functionality in the rear tip when the ski is designed for landingand skiing backwards from time to time.

On this basis, therefore, it is an object of the present invention toprovide a ski with improved dynamic. This is achieved with a ski whichis characterised by the features which will be apparent in the patentclaims.

From WO 95/21662 a pair of Alpine skis is known with a flat slidingsurface and lateral sliding surfaces, where the sole's edge is providedwith an approximately continuous concave inward curve in the steel edgealong the ski between a first transition line which defines thetransition from a tip portion to a sliding portion and a secondtransition line which defines the transition from sliding portion to arear portion. The lower lateral edge (the steel edge) describes anapproximately continuous curve between the transition lines to the tips.The sole on both sides of the first sliding surface comprises additionalsliding surfaces extending upwards from the edge of the first slidingsurface to the lower lateral edges on the ski with an upward curve. Theupward curve in the lower lateral edge of the additional slidingsurfaces increases substantially with the ski's increasing width in thedirection of the two transition lines towards the tips.

An Alpine ski as described in WO 95/21662 has proved to be verywell-suited to Alpine events and the angled sliding surfaces, which withonly a relatively slight edging of the ski can be pressed into contactwith the surface, provide improved turning technique and surface grip.

The ski according to the present invention differs from known skidesigns in the proposition, amongst other things, that the tip'ssecondary sole surfaces 4 which constitute the dynamic difference, arelocated precisely in the tips outside the ski's ordinary slidingsurfaces 1, 3 (the primary sole surface and the secondary solesurfaces). WO 95/21662 describes a solution for a dynamically optimalgeometry in the sliding surface, while here we are looking at an optimalsliding surface of this kind combined with an optimal design of the tip.

The invention will now be described in greater detail by means ofembodiments which are illustrated in the drawings. All the figuresdepict skis according to the present invention specially designed forimproving lift during turning in combination with a dynamic geometry inthe sliding surface. In each figure the ski or details thereof is shownfrom various sides:

FIG. 1 i) The ski viewed from the underside shows the sole of the skiwith dotted lines illustrating where there are smooth transitionsbetween various portions

-   -   ii) The ski viewed from the side. The uplift in the steel edge        is slightly exaggerated in order to illustrate the point    -   iii) Cross section of the ski, slightly enlarged relative to i)    -   iv) On some skis the angle between the tip's sole surfaces is        continued right up to the tip, and then the ski is viewed from        in front in order to illustrate this variant.

FIG. 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the ski according to FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 illustrates a further embodiment of the ski according to FIG. 1,and

FIGS. 4 to 8 illustrate further details and/or embodiments of the skiaccording to FIG. 1.

FIG. 1 illustrates a ski according to the present invention where theski is provided with relatively wide secondary lateral surfaces 3 with agradually increasing upward curve in steel edge 5 up towards atransition D to a tip of the ski. The tip's central sole surface 2 iscurved upwards from a transition C. An angle between primary solesurface 1, 2 (sole surface in ski and tip) and the tip's secondary solesurfaces 4 increases from the transition to the transition D andforwards in the tip to a cross section B between the cross sections Cand A. The increase in the angle between the primary sole surface 1, 2and the secondary sole surfaces 3, 4 typically occurs more rapidly fromthe transitions D to B than from the transitions F to D viewed per unitof length. This causes the uplift of the steel edge 5 measured in mm toalso increase more rapidly from the transitions D to B than from thetransitions F to D. From the transition B and forwards the angle betweenthe primary sole surface 1, 2 and the secondary sole surfaces 3, 4 isphased out until it is zero at the front of the tip. This ski is partlytwin tip and has a slightly more modest rear tip than front tip, andhere a tripartite sliding surface is illustrated on the ski's rear partwithout any special functionality being implemented in the rear tip.

FIG. 2 illustrates approximately the same geometry of the ski asillustrated FIG. 1, but here the areas with secondary sole surfaces 3, 4are of a slightly narrower design. The most important difference is thatextra functionality is introduced with increasing uplift in the rear tipall the way back to the steel edge 5. In the sliding surface the ski hassecondary sole surfaces 3 with a gradually increasing upward curve inthe steel edge 5 up to the transition C, D to the tip. The tip's primarysole surface 2 is curved upwardly from the transition C. As shown here,the extra uplift of the tip's secondary sole surfaces 4 starts in thesame cross section C, D as the tip begins to curve upwards. The anglebetween the tip's primary sole surface 2 and the tip's secondary solesurfaces 4 increases from the transition to the transition C, D andforwards in the tip to a transition B approximately halfway to a pointA. From the transition B and forwards, the angle between the solesurfaces 2, 4 is kept constant, with the result that viewed from infront iv) the tip appears with two small angles, which is illustrated ina somewhat exaggerated way here. The same applies to the rear tip. Theuplift of the steel edge 5 viewed in cross section relative to the solesurfaces 1, 2 measured in mm increases more rapidly from transition D toB than from transition F to D. From transition B and forwards the upliftmeasured in mm approaches zero even though the angle between the solesurfaces 2, 4 is kept constant.

FIG. 3 illustrates a further embodiment of a ski according to thepresent invention, where the ski is depicted with a truncated rear tip.The uplift in the steel edge 5 starts in transition F and increasescautiously up to transition D, from where the uplift is accelerated upto transition B. From transition B and forwards an angle (break) ismaintained between the tip's primary sole surface 2 and the tip'ssecondary sole surfaces 4, but here the secondary sole surfaces 4 roundthe tip are continued right up to point A, thereby preventing any breaksin the steel edge 5 at any point in the tip. Left lateral slidingsurface (secondary sole surface) 3 is wider than right lateral slidingsurface (secondary sole surface) 3 viewed from below, in order toillustrate a possible asymmetrical solution. This asymmetry is alsoincluded in the tips. The accelerated uplift of the lateral sole surfacealready begins here in transition D, even though the tip in the centralarea begins in transition C. The uplift measured in mm in the steeledges 5 relative to the primary sole surface 1, 2 increases more rapidlyfrom transition D to B than from transition F to D. On the ski's rearpart the sliding surface is also divided into three, but since there isonly a small, blunt rear tip, the increase in the uplift is terminatedin the transition W, X to the rear tip, and from there, for example, aconstant angle is maintained between the rear tip's sole surfaces 2, 4all the way to transition Z.

FIG. 4 illustrates a so-called twin tip ski. A version is shown wherethe tip's primary sole surface 2 is reduced to a kind of keel forwardsin the tip. The front and rear have been given a slightly differentdesign in order to illustrate different variants, and there is nofunctional reason for one variant being at the front and the other atthe rear. The uplift in the steel edges 5 is viewed in cross sectionrelative to this primary sole surface or “keel” 2. The uplift measuredin mm in the steel edges 5 relative to the lines j, k (m, l) increasesmore rapidly from the transition D (W) to B (Y) than from transition F(U) to D (W).

FIG. 5 i) illustrates a twin tip ski, where this twin tip ski has aprimary sole surface 1 defined by the flat portion under the bindingsand the portion of the ski touching the surface when the ski is pressedagainst the surface, thereby causing the camber to be pressed flat andthe whole primary sole surface 1 to touch the ground. iii) Here thetransition between primary sole surface 1 and the second sole surfaces 3is diffuse (not so clear), since the transition between the solesurfaces 1, 3 is slow via a slight rounding, when viewed in crosssection. In cases of diffuse transitions, portions which in crosssection are located up to 0.5 mm over the ground when the longitudinalcamber is depressed are also defined as belonging to or part of theprimary sole surface 1, while portions located more than 0.5 mm over thesurface belong to or are a part of the sliding surface's secondary solesurfaces 3. The lines j, k, l, m here mark the transition between thesole surfaces according to this definition. The slight curvature viewedin cross section in the primary sole surface 1 continues into the tip'sprimary sole surface 2. The dynamic in the ski is improved if theportions nearest the steel edges 5 are as flat as possible, so here across section of the lateral sole surfaces 3, 4 is illustrated asstraight the last 2-4 cm nearest the steel edges 5, but a slightcurvature does not provide such a great difference dynamically. Theuplift measured in mm in the steel edges 5 is measured relative to themiddle of the primary sole surface 1 if it is slightly curved. Theuplift in the steel edges increases more rapidly from transition D to Bthan from transition F to D per unit of length. In order to betterillustrate the curvature in the surfaces, the angles in the crosssections are exaggerated in the order of 2-4 times what we consider tobe optimal from the dynamic point of view. Here too differences areshown at the front and rear of the ski in order to illustrate differentdesign variants.

FIG. 6 illustrates a typical ski with a truncated rear tip, and apossible design of the sliding surface where there are only secondarysole surfaces on the ski's front portion. The uplift in the steel edgesincreases more rapidly from transition D to B than from transition F toD per unit of length.

FIG. 7 illustrates a twin tip ski with special raised edges in themiddle in order to be able to slide sideways on rails and boxes (notshown) without catching the steel edges 5 so easily in rough patches inthe rail or box. The uplift in the steel edges 5 in the middle isconsidered to be an extra functionality which has no bearing on theinvention. According to the present invention the ski is provided with atripartite sliding surface at the front and also the rear. The tip'sprimary sole surface 2 is reduced successively forwards from transitionD, thereby splitting the front part of the tip's sole surface into twoparts in the right and left secondary sole surface 4 towards the pointA. In order to illustrate possibilities for variation, a slightlydifferent version of the ski's rear part is shown.

FIG. 8 i) illustrates a ski where the flat sliding surface is dividedinto a right and left secondary sole surface 3 without retaining anyflat sliding surface (primary sole surface) 1 between them, with theresult that the flat sliding surface (primary sole surface) 1 iscomposed of a keel. From transition C, D the upward curve in the steeledge 5 is further increased relative to the keel. Here we have chosen tocontinue the angular increase between the secondary lateral surfacesright up to the point A. iv). This is seen in a characteristic break inthe middle of the tip when viewed from in front.

Every variant which is illustrated on a sufficiently large tip can beused on all types of ski, whether it be a ski of the twin tip type, twintip with a small rear tip or a ski with an ordinary tip and truncatedrear tip.

In the sliding surface the secondary sole surfaces 3 will substantiallytwist upwards relative to the primary sole surface 1 and this twistingwill increase at the transition D and some distance forwards in the tipto transition B.

Five tables are now set up illustrating skis of different lengthsaccording to the present invention, and with examples of the uplift inthe steel edges 5 relative to primary sole surface 1, 2, when viewed incross section. Uplift and geometry are deliberately varied in order toillustrate different possibilities within the scope of the invention.

TABLE 1 One possible example of a directional ski 1650 mm long accordingto invention Total width Total width Length Length Sidecut at C (mm) atG (mm) C-G (mm) G-X (mm) radius. 114.0 65 780 720 12429 Width of Widthof Uplift of Calculated Angle Distance the primary each of the steeledge(5) Steps of between primary from Total width sole (1, 2)secondary(3, 4) relative primary steel edge and the tip of the skisurface sole surfaces sole(1, 2) uplift Cross secondary sole (mm) (mm)(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) section (degrees) 0 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 A 30 85 28 281.00 −1.00 2.02 60 103 34 34 2.50 −1.50 4.18 90 111 37 37 3.50 −1.00 B5.43 120 114 38 38 2.50 1.00 C 3.77 150 110 37 37 1.90 0.60 D 2.97 180107 36 36 1.73 0.18 2.78 210 103 34 34 1.56 0.17 2.59 240 100 33 33 1.390.16 2.40 270 97 32 32 1.24 0.16 2.20 300 94 31 31 1.09 0.15 1.99 330 9130 30 0.95 0.14 E 1.79 360 88 29 29 0.81 0.13 1.58 390 86 29 29 0.690.13 1.37 420 84 28 28 0.57 0.12 1.17 450 81 27 27 0.45 0.11 0.96 480 7926 26 0.35 0.11 0.76 510 77 26 26 0.25 0.10 0.56 540 75 25 25 0.16 0.090.37 570 74 25 25 0.08 0.08 0.18 600 72 72 0 0 0.08 F 630 71 71 0 0 66070 70 0 0 If each part 690 69 69 0 0 of the cross 720 68 68 0 0 sectionof 750 67 67 0 0 the ski's sole 780 66 66 0 0 were totally 810 66 66 0 0straight, then 840 65 65 0 0 the angle 870 65 65 0 0 between 900 65 65 00 G the primary 930 65 65 0 0 sole (1, 2) 960 65 65 0 0 and the 990 6666 0 0 secondary 1020 66 66 0 0 sole (3, 4) 1050 67 67 0 0 would 1080 6868 0 0 have these 1110 69 69 0 0 theoretical 1140 70 70 0 0 figures 117071 71 0 0 1200 72 72 0 0 U 1230 74 25 25 0.08 −0.08 0.18 1260 75 25 250.16 −0.08 0.37 1290 77 26 26 0.25 −0.09 0.56 1320 79 26 26 0.35 −0.100.76 1350 81 27 27 0.45 −0.11 0.96 1380 84 28 28 0.57 −0.11 1.17 1410 8629 29 0.69 −0.12 1.37 1440 88 29 29 0.81 −0.13 V 1.58 1470 91 30 30 0.95−0.13 1.79 1500 94 31 31 1.09 −0.14 1.99 1530 97 32 32 1.24 −0.15 2.201560 100 33 33 1.39 −0.16 2.40 1590 103 34 34 1.56 −0.16 2.59 1620 10736 36 1.73 −0.17 X 2.78 1650 100 33 33 1.90 −0.17 Z 3.27 This ski hasnormal uplift from F to D, and then the uplift increases from D to B asdescribed by the invention This ski has no special uplift at rear tip,it carries the uplift backwards with no substantial increase from X to Z

TABLE 2 One possible example of a twin tip ski 1710 mm long according toinvention Total width Total width Length Length Sidecut at C (mm) at G(mm) C-G (mm) G-X (mm) radius. 110.0 77 750 690 17054 Width of Width ofUplift of Calculated Angle Distance the primary each of the steeledge(5) Steps of between primary from Total width sole (1, 2)secondary(3, 4) relative primary steel edge and the tip of the skisurface sole surfaces sole(1, 2) uplift Cross secondary sole (mm) (mm)(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) section (degrees) 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.00 0.00 A 30 85.0 540.0 2.00 −2.00 2.87 60 100.0 10 45.0 4.00 −2.00 5.10 90 107.0 15 46.05.00 −1.00 B 6.24 120 110.0 20 45.0 4.80 0.20 6.13 150 110.0 25 42.53.80 1.00 C 5.13 180 107.4 30 38.7 2.90 0.90 4.30 210 104.9 35 35.0 2.280.62 D 3.75 240 102.6 35 33.8 2.09 0.19 3.56 270 100.3 35 32.6 1.91 0.183.36 300 98.1 35 31.6 1.74 0.17 3.16 330 96.1 35 30.5 1.57 0.16 2.96 36094.1 35 29.6 1.42 0.16 2.75 390 92.3 35 28.6 1.27 0.15 2.54 420 90.5 3527.8 1.13 0.14 2.34 450 88.9 35 26.9 1.00 0.13 E 2.13 480 87.3 35 26.20.88 0.12 1.92 510 85.9 35 25.5 0.76 0.11 1.72 540 84.6 35 24.8 0.660.11 1.52 570 83.4 35 24.2 0.56 0.10 If each part 600 82.3 35 23.6 0.470.09 of the cross 630 81.3 35 23.1 0.39 0.08 section of 660 80.4 35 22.70.32 0.07 the ski's sole 690 79.6 35 22.3 0.26 0.06 were totally 72078.9 35 21.9 0.20 0.05 straight, then 750 78.3 35 21.7 0.16 0.05 theangle 780 77.8 35 21.4 0.12 0.04 between 810 77.5 35 21.2 0.09 0.03 theprimary 840 77.2 35 21.1 0.07 0.02 sole (1, 2) 870 77.1 35 21.0 0.050.01 and the 900 77.0 35 21.0 0.05 0.00 F, G, U secondary 930 77.1 3521.0 0.05 0.00 sole (3, 4) 960 77.2 35 21.1 0.07 −0.01 would 990 77.5 3521.2 0.09 −0.02 have these 1020 77.8 35 21.4 0.12 −0.03 theoretical 105078.3 35 21.7 0.16 −0.04 figures 1080 78.9 35 21.9 0.20 −0.05 0.53 111079.6 35 22.3 0.26 −0.05 0.66 1140 80.4 35 22.7 0.32 −0.06 0.81 1170 81.335 23.1 0.39 −0.07 0.97 1200 82.3 35 23.6 0.47 −0.08 1.15 1230 83.4 3524.2 0.56 −0.09 1.33 1260 84.6 35 24.8 0.66 −0.10 1.52 1290 85.9 35 25.50.76 −0.11 V 1.72 1320 87.3 35 26.2 0.88 −0.11 1.92 1350 88.9 35 26.91.00 −0.12 2.13 1380 90.5 35 27.8 1.13 −0.13 2.34 1410 92.3 35 28.6 1.27−0.14 2.54 1440 94.1 35 29.6 1.42 −0.15 2.75 1470 96.1 35 30.5 1.57−0.16 2.96 1500 98.1 35 31.6 1.74 −0.16 3.16 1530 100.3 30 35.1 1.91−0.17 W 3.12 1560 102.6 25 38.8 2.80 −0.89 4.14 1590 104.9 20 42.5 3.50−0.70 X 4.73 1620 105.0 15 45.0 4.00 −0.50 Y 5.10 1650 100.0 10 45.03.00 1.00 3.82 1680 80.0 5 37.5 1.50 1.50 2.29 1710 0.0 0 0.0 0.00 1.50Z This ski has uplifted steeledges along the entire sole, from G, F, Uto D and W, and then the uplift increases from I and from W to Y asdescribed by the invention

TABLE 3 One possible example of a twin tip ski 1740 mm long according toinvention Total width Total width Length Length Sidecut at C (mm) at G(mm) C-G (mm) G-X (mm) radius. 115.0 85 720 720 17288 Width of Width ofUplift of Calculated Angle Distance the primary each of the steeledge(5) Steps of between primary from Total width sole (1, 2)secondary(3, 4) relative primary steel edge and the tip of the skisurface sole surfaces sole(1, 2) uplift Cross secondary sole (mm) (mm)(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) section (degrees) 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.00 0.00 A 30 85.0 341.0 2.00 −2.00 2.80 60 100.0 6 47.0 4.00 −2.00 4.88 90 108.0 9 49.54.50 −0.50 B 5.22 120 113.0 12 50.5 4.20 0.30 4.77 150 115.0 15 50.03.70 0.50 C 4.25 180 112.6 18 47.3 3.20 0.50 3.88 210 110.2 21 44.6 2.800.40 D 3.60 240 108.0 24 42.0 2.49 0.31 3.40 270 105.8 27 39.4 2.19 0.303.18 300 103.8 30 36.9 1.90 0.28 2.96 330 101.9 33 34.4 1.63 0.27 2.72360 100.0 36 32.0 1.38 0.26 E 2.47 390 98.3 39 29.7 1.14 0.24 2.20 42096.7 42 27.4 0.91 0.23 1.91 450 95.2 45 25.1 0.70 0.21 1.60 480 93.8 4822.9 0.50 0.20 1.26 510 92.5 51 20.7 0.32 0.18 0.88 540 91.3 54 18.60.15 0.17 0.47 570 90.2 90 0.0 0.00 0.15 F 0.00 600 89.2 89 0.0 0.000.00 630 88.3 88 0.0 0.00 If each part 660 87.6 88 0.0 0.00 of the cross690 86.9 87 0.0 0.00 section of 720 86.3 86 0.0 0.00 the ski's sole 75085.8 86 0.0 0.00 were totally 780 85.5 85 0.0 0.00 straight, then 81085.2 85 0.0 0.00 the angle 840 85.1 85 0.0 0.00 between 870 85.0 85 0.00.00 G the primary 900 85.1 85 0.0 0.00 sole (1, 2) 930 85.2 85 0.0 0.00and the 960 85.5 85 0.0 0.00 secondary 990 85.8 86 0.0 0.00 sole (3, 4)1020 86.3 86 0.0 0.00 would 1050 86.9 87 0.0 0.00 have these 1080 87.688 0.0 0.00 theoretical 1110 88.3 88 0.0 0.00 figures 1140 89.2 89 0.00.00 1170 90.2 90 0.0 0.00 0.00 U 0 1200 91.3 54 18.6 0.15 −0.15 0.471230 92.5 51 20.7 0.32 −0.17 0.88 1260 93.8 48 22.9 0.50 −0.18 1.26 129095.2 45 25.1 0.70 −0.20 1.60 1320 96.7 42 27.4 0.91 −0.21 1.91 1350 98.339 29.7 1.14 −0.23 2.20 1380 100.0 36 32.0 1.38 −0.24 V 2.47 1410 101.933 34.4 1.63 −0.26 2.72 1440 103.8 30 36.9 1.90 −0.27 2.96 1470 105.8 2739.4 2.19 −0.28 3.18 1500 108.0 24 42.0 2.49 −0.30 3.40 1530 110.2 2144.6 2.80 −0.31 W 3.60 1560 112.6 18 47.3 3.20 −0.40 3.88 1590 115.0 1550.0 3.70 −0.50 X 4.25 1620 113.0 12 50.5 4.20 −0.50 Y 4.77 1650 108.0 949.5 4.50 −0.30 5.22 1680 100.0 6 47.0 4.00 0.50 4.88 1710 85.0 3 41.02.00 2.00 2.80 1740 0.0 0 0.0 0.00 2.00 Z This ski has normal upliftfrom F to D, and then the uplift increases from D to B as described bythe invention This ski has normal uplift from U to W, and then theuplift increases from W to Y as described by the invention

TABLE 4 One possible example of a ski 1800 mm long with a smaller reartip according to invention Total width Total width Length Length Sidecutat C (mm) at G (mm) C-G (mm) G-X (mm) radius. 140.0 86 990 750 18164Width of Width of Uplift of Calculated Angle Distance the primary eachof the steel edge(5) Steps of between primary from Total width sole (1,2) secondary(3, 4) relative primary steel edge and the tip of the skisurface sole surfaces sole(1, 2) uplift Cross secondary sole (mm) (mm)(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) section (degrees) 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.00 0.00 A 30 100.0 050.0 3.00 −3.00 60 122.0 0 61.0 5.00 −2.00 4.70 90 132.0 10 61.0 7.00−2.00 6.59 120 137.0 20 58.5 7.50 −0.50 B 7.37 150 140.0 30 55.0 6.800.70 C 7.11 180 136.8 34 51.3 5.50 1.30 6.16 210 133.6 33 50.1 4.20 1.30D 4.81 240 130.6 33 49.0 3.30 0.90 3.86 270 127.7 32 47.9 2.50 0.80 2.99300 124.9 31 46.8 1.80 0.70 E 2.20 330 122.1 31 45.8 1.20 0.60 1.50 360119.5 30 44.8 0.70 0.50 0.90 390 117.0 29 43.9 0.30 0.40 0.39 420 114.6115 0.0 0 0.30 F 450 112.2 112 0.0 0 480 110.0 110 0.0 0 If each part510 107.9 108 0.0 0 of the cross 540 105.8 106 0.0 0 section of 570103.9 104 0.0 0 the ski's sole 600 102.1 102 0.0 0 were totally 630100.3 100 0.0 0 straight, then 660 98.7 99 0.0 0 the angle 690 97.2 970.0 0 between 720 95.7 96 0.0 0 the primary 750 94.4 94 0.0 0 sole (1,2) 780 93.1 93 0.0 0 and the 810 92.0 92 0.0 0 secondary 840 91.0 91 0.00 sole (3, 4) 870 90.0 90 0.0 0 would 900 89.2 89 0.0 0 have these 93088.4 88 0.0 0 theoretical 960 87.8 88 0.0 0 figures 990 87.2 87 0.0 01020 86.8 87 0.0 0 1050 86.4 86 0.0 0 1080 86.2 86 0.0 0 1110 86.0 860.0 0 1140 86.0 86 0.0 0 1170 86.0 86 0.0 0 1200 86.2 86 0.0 0 1230 86.486 0.0 0 1260 86.8 87 0.0 0 1290 87.2 87 0.0 0 1320 87.8 88 0.0 0 135088.4 88 0.0 0 1380 89.2 89 0.0 0 1410 90.0 90 0.0 0 1440 91.0 91 0.0 01470 92.0 92 0.0 0 1500 93.1 93 0.0 0 1530 94.4 94 0.0 0 1560 95.7 960.0 0 1590 97.2 97 0.0 0 1620 98.7 99 0.0 0 1650 100.3 100 0.0 0 1680102.1 102 0.0 0 1710 103.9 104 0.0 0 1740 105.8 106 0.0 0 X 1770 95.0 950.0 0 1800 0.0 0 0.0 0 Z The ski has normal uplift from F to D, and thenthe uplift accelerates from D to C as described by the invention, andthe uplift reaches the maximum uplift in B. This ski has no upliftedsecondary soles at the rear end.

TABLE 5 One possible example of a directional twin tip ski 1850 mm longaccording to invention Total width Total width Length Length Sidecut atC (mm) at G (mm) C-G (mm) G-X (mm) radius. 150.0 122 810 720 23439 Widthof Width of Uplift of Calculated Angle Distance the primary each of thesteel edge(5) Steps of between primary from Total width sole (1, 2)secondary(3, 4) relative primary steel edge Cross and the tip of the skisurface sole surfaces sole(1, 2) uplift section secondary sole (mm) (mm)(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) section (degrees) 0 0.00 0.00 A 30 100.0 0 50.0 1.00−1.00 1.15 60 125.0 0 62.5 3.00 −2.00 2.75 90 137.0 0 68.5 5.00 −2.004.19 120 144.0 0 72.0 6.00 −1.00 B 4.78 150 148.0 0 74.0 5.50 0.50 4.26180 150.0 15 67.5 4.50 1.00 C 3.82 210 148.0 30 59.0 3.50 1.00 D 3.41240 146.0 45 50.5 3.19 0.31 3.62 270 144.1 45 49.6 2.89 0.30 3.34 300142.3 45 48.7 2.60 0.29 3.07 330 140.6 45 47.8 2.32 0.28 2.79 360 138.945 47.0 2.06 0.26 2.51 390 137.4 45 46.2 1.81 0.25 E 2.24 420 135.9 4545.4 1.57 0.24 1.98 450 134.4 45 44.7 1.34 0.23 1.72 480 133.1 45 44.01.13 0.22 1.47 510 131.8 45 43.4 0.92 0.20 1.22 540 130.6 45 42.8 0.730.19 0.98 570 129.5 45 42.3 0.55 0.18 0.75 600 128.5 45 41.7 0.39 0.170.53 630 127.5 45 41.3 0.23 0.15 0.33 660 126.6 45 40.8 0.09 0.14 F 0.13690 125.8 126 0.0 0 720 125.1 125 0.0 0 If each part 750 124.5 124 0.0 0of the cross 780 123.9 124 0.0 0 section of 810 123.4 123 0.0 0 theski's sole 840 123.0 123 0.0 0 were totally 870 122.6 123 0.0 0straight, then 900 122.3 122 0.0 0 the angle 930 122.2 122 0.0 0 between960 122.0 122 0.0 0 the primary 990 122.0 122 0.0 0 sole (1, 2) 1020122.0 122 0.0 0 and the 1050 122.2 122 0.0 0 secondary 1080 122.3 1220.0 0 sole (3, 4) 1110 122.6 123 0.0 0 would 1140 123.0 123 0.0 0 havethese 1170 123.4 123 0.0 0 theoretical 1200 123.9 124 0.0 0 figures 1230124.5 124 0.0 0 1260 125.1 125 0.0 0 1290 125.8 126 0.0 0 U 1320 126.640 43.3 0.09 −0.09 0.12 1350 127.5 40 43.8 0.23 −0.14 0.31 1380 128.5 4044.2 0.39 −0.15 0.50 1410 129.5 40 44.8 0.55 −0.17 0.71 1440 130.6 4045.3 0.73 −0.18 0.93 1470 131.8 40 45.9 0.92 −0.19 1.15 1500 133.1 4046.5 1.13 −0.20 V 1.39 1530 134.4 40 47.2 1.34 −0.22 1.63 1560 135.9 4047.9 1.57 −0.23 1.88 1590 137.4 40 48.7 1.81 −0.24 2.13 1620 138.9 4049.5 2.06 −0.25 2.39 1650 140.6 40 50.3 2.32 −0.26 2.65 1680 142.3 4051.2 2.60 −0.28 2.92 1710 144.1 40 52.1 2.89 −0.29 W, X 3.18 1740 142.040 51.0 4.00 −1.11 Y 4.50 1770 138.0 40 49.0 4.00 0.00 4.68 1800 130.040 45.0 2.50 1.50 3.19 1830 110.0 40 35.0 1.00 1.50 1.64 1860 0.0 0.00.00 1.00 Z This ski has normal uplift from F to D, and then the upliftincreases from D to B as described by the invention This ski has normaluplift from U to W, and then the uplift increases from W to Y asdescribed by the invention

It should be apparent from the above that despite choice and combinationof special features which are partly known from already known skis, manymodifications are possible. The invention is based on the combination ofselected features in such a manner that a result is produced with aunique and improved functionality for the ski, where the describedthree-dimensional geometry for the sliding surface is accelerated intothe tip, thereby retaining the three-dimensional geometry's generalpositive functionality, while adding the tip functionality particularlyfor use in loose snow and slush.

1. A ski for mounting a binding on the ski's surface approximately inthe middle of the ski or slightly behind the middle, where the ski isprovided with inwardly curved edge portions, the ski having greaterwidth at the transition to the front tip than in the middle, with anupwardly curved front tip, and possibly a full tip or a rather moremodest tip or no tip at the rear end, where the ski has athree-dimensional sliding surface divided into a primary sole surfaceand secondary sole surfaces which from the bindings towards thetransition to the tip have a substantially increasing uplift measured insteel edges relative to the plane defined by the primary sole surfacewhen it is pressed down against the ground, i.e. when the ski is lyingflat and without camber in the longitudinal direction, and then thisgeometry in the sliding surface is combined with a design of the tip,wherein the tip comprises a primary sole surface and secondary solesurfaces-which secondary sole surfaces, when viewed in cross section,provide steel edges with further accelerated raising relative to theprimary sole surface from the transition between the sliding surface andthe tip and further forward in the tip up to a cross section B.
 2. A skiaccording to claim 1, wherein the sliding surface of the ski has athree-dimensional sliding surface which is tripartite in some portions,with a right secondary sole surface, a central primary sole surface anda left secondary sole surface towards the transition to the tip, wherethere are secondary sole surfaces in the sliding surface over a length,which together, at both ends of the ski, forms at least 10% of thesliding surface's total length, and the part with raised secondary solesurfaces in front of the binding preferably forms at least 10% of thetotal length of the sliding surface.
 3. A ski according to claim 1,wherein the steel edges, when viewed in cross section, create anincreasing uplift relative to the central sole surface from thetransition between the secondary sliding surface and the tip's secondarysole surface to the cross section B located in front of D, where theuplift in cross section B, measured in mm, is at least 15% greater thanin transition, preferably at least 30% and most preferred at least 50%.4. A ski according to claim 1, wherein the steel edges, when viewed incross section, create an increasing uplift relative to the central solesurface from the transition between central sliding surface and thetip's central sole surface to a cross section B located in front of thetransition, where the uplift in cross section B, measured in mm, isgreater than in the transition, preferably at least 10% and mostpreferred at least 20%.
 5. A ski according to claim 1, wherein the tip'ssecondary sole surfaces, when viewed in cross section, create anincreasing angle with primary sole surface from the transition betweenthe sliding surface and tip and at any rate several cm outwards in thetip, with the result that the angle increases at least 1 degree andpreferably at least 2 degrees from the transition to the tip, untilmaximum angle is achieved further forward in the tip.
 6. A ski accordingto claim 1, wherein the tip's secondary sole surfaces start further intowards the ski's bindings than the transition between the centralprimary sole surface and the tip's primary sole surface does, with theresult that the accelerated upward raising in the steel edge alreadystarts a few cm earlier than the upward raising to the tip from thecentral primary sole surface in transition, so that this transition toaccelerated raising of the secondary sole surfaces starts at D.
 7. A skiaccording to claim 1, wherein the further from the transition thetransition is located in the direction of transition, the more theaccelerated raising in the steel edge increase from transition to crosssection B relative to the increase from the transition to thetransition, when cross section B is located in front of transition.
 8. Aski according to claim 1, wherein some of the transitions between thedifferent areas on the ski are not perpendicular to the ski'slongitudinal direction, nor are they located symmetrically about thelongitudinal axis.
 9. A ski according to claim 1, wherein the ski issymmetrical about a longitudinal axis.
 10. A ski according to claim 1,wherein the ski is asymmetrical about a longitudinal axis.